Havaianas Clássicos do Verão O que acontece quando Havaianas e Fruttare se unem? O colorido de Havaianas subiu à cabeça. As cores e o espírito das sandálias, agora para o corpo todo.Screen reader users, click here to load entire articleThis page uses JavaScript to progressively load the article content as a user scrolls. Screen reader users, click the load entire article button to bypass dynamically loaded article content. Volume 36, Issue 1, February 2014, Pages 24–29 As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg in seafood species used for sashimi and evaluation of dietary exposurea b c Received 11 February 2013, Revised 23 July 2013, Accepted 24 July 2013, Available online 15 August 2013•Inorganic contaminants As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg were evaluated in sashimi samples.•High levels of arsenic were determined in tuna and octopus sashimi samples.•High levels of mercury were found in tuna sashimi samples.•Octopus was the sashimi that most contributed to arsenic The presence of inorganic contaminants As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb was evaluated in 116 samples of muscles of seafood used for sashimi from Japanese restaurants in Campinas, SP, Brazil.

Tuna (Thunnus thynnus), salmon (Salmo salar), mullet (Mugil platanus) and octopus (Octopus vulgaris) were the most common seafood species in these restaurants. Samples were digested in a microwave assisted system and the contaminants were determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES). The percentage of samples above the maximum limit permitted by MERCOSUL and European regulations were: As (90% tuna, 48% salmon, 31% mullet and 100% octopus); Octopus and tuna were the sashimi that most contributed to arsenic and mercury intake, respectively.1. IntroductionJapanese cuisine may be considered one of the most representative source for consumption of seafood (Moura Filho et al., 2007). The increase in the consumption may bring health benefits as well as associated risks. Toxicologists believe that seafood is one of the primary vectors of toxic substances, such as inorganic contaminants, organic pollutants and microorganisms (Guérin et al., 2011).Seafood may accumulate various inorganic contaminants, with mercury, cadmium, lead and arsenic being the most frequently studied elements.

These elements present properties of bioaccumulation, bio magnification in the food chain, persistence in the environment and disturbances in metabolic processes. Bioaccumulations and bio magnifications are used to determine the toxicity for different species (Morgano et al., 2007 and Tavares and Carvalho, 1992) and factors such as sex, size and physiology may affect the accumulation of inorganic contaminants in fishes' tissues (Canli & Atli, 2003). The persistence of these elements in the environment has effects in the long term, even after emissions cease (Tavares & Carvalho, 1992).Some researchers propose that fish and other aquatic life forms may be considered good environmental indicators of heavy metal contamination (Burger et al., 2002): tuna, for example, is known to be the species that accumulates mercury more than any other, and people who consume large amounts of tuna may increase the risk of being affected by the toxicity of inorganic mercury and of methylmercury (EPA & FDA

Morgano, Rabonato, Milani, Miyagusku, and Balian (2011) studied the species of salmon, tuna, red snapper and bass commercialized in São Paulo (Brazil) and found high levels of arsenic and chromium in these species. Lowenstein et al. (2010) studied sushi prepared with five different species of tuna sold in restaurants and supermarkets in the USA and found mercury levels above those allowed by the regulations of Canada, European Union, Japan, and those recommended by the World Health Organization. sushi san felipe houstonIkem and Egiebor (2005) found inorganic contaminants in samples of canned tuna and salmon from Georgia and Alabama (USA), and calculated the contribution to the weekly ingestion of the contaminants Hg, As, Cd and Pb, indicating that the consumption of 350 g week−1 of canned tuna and salmon results in a weekly contribution lower than the provisional tolerable weekly ingestion (PTWI).jiro dreams of sushi shot on red

While the consumption of Japanese cuisine has been growing rapidly in recent years, the study of the presence of inorganic contaminants in sashimi is still limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to validate a method and to evaluate the presence of the As, Cd, Cr, Pb and total Hg over a year, in muscles of seafood species used in the most consumed sashimi from Japanese restaurants in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil.2. how to make nigiri sushi shrimpSamplesOver a year, four samples of sashimi were bimonthly acquired from five Japanese restaurants in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (total of 116 samples). sushi rijst online kopenWasabi, shiso and vegetables were removed and the muscles were homogenized and stored in a freezer at −21 °C.ichiban sushi online order

Seafood species studied were: Tuna (Thunnus thynnus, n = 29), Salmon (Salmo salar, n = 29), Mullet (Mugil platanus, n = 16), Octopus (Octopus vulgaris, n = 18), Black anchovy (Ruvettus pretiosus, n = 6), Amberjack (Seriola lalandi, n = 2), Dorado (Coryphaena hippurus, n = 3), Crab stick (n = 7), Namorado sandperch (Pseudopercis numida, n = 1), Snook (Centropomus sp., n = 4) and Frigate Tuna (Spanish mackerel, n = 1).2.2. sushi take out ajaxReagentsAnalytical grade reagents were utilized (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), standard reference solutions of 1.000 mg L−1 (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) were used for analytical curves of As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg, and water purified by reverse osmosis (18.2 MΩ) was used for analysis.2.3. sushi club delivery palermoAnalytical methodologyDigestion was performed in a closed microwave digestion system (Start D, Milestone, Sorisole, Italy): about 900 mg of the samples were placed into a PTFE digestion vessel, and 7 mL of concentrated HNO3 and 3 mL of concentrated H2O2 were added.

Decomposition of the samples was carried at Tmax = 180 °C for 40 min and the resulting solutions were transferred to 25 mL volumetric flasks with 5% HCl (v/v). For Hg, 1 mL of 7% potassium permanganate solution (m/v) and 0.6 mL of 20% (m/v) hydroxylamine hydrochloride were added, and then transferred to 25 mL volumetric flasks with 5% HNO3 (v/v). The analytical curves were from 0.0025 to 0.5 mg L−1 for As, Cd, Cr and Pb; and 0.0005–0.05 mg L−1 for Hg.Quantification of inorganic contaminants was performed by ICP OES, using a Varian Vista MPX model (Mulgrave Victoria, Australia), with axial vision. Operating conditions: radiofrequency power of 1000 W; nebulizer rate of 0.9 L min−1; plasma gas flow rate (Ar) of 15 L min−1; auxiliary gas flow rate (Ar) of 1.5 L min−1; integration and reading times of 10 and 3 s and 3 replicates. The analytical line wavelengths were: As (193.696 nm); Pb (220.353 nm) and Hg (194.164 nm). For hydride generator of total mercury (VGA 77, Varian, Mulgrave, Australia), solutions of HCl 10 mol L−1 and 25% SnCl2 (m/v) in 20% HCl (v/v) were used.2.4.

Quality controlThe analytical method was validated according to the Inmetro (2011) and the Mapa (Brasil, 2009) guidelines, and the uncertainty was calculated according to the Eurachem Guide (2002). For accuracy, a certified reference material TORT-2 (Lobster Hepatopancreas) from the National Research Council (Canada) was used. Correlation coefficients with (r2 ≥ 0.999) were obtained and blanks and triplicates were used in sample preparation.2.5. Assessing dietary exposureThe estimated weekly intake of As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb was calculated assuming the consumption of one portion of sashimi (∼50 g day−1) by a 60 kg adult. Concentrations below the limit of quantification (LOQ) assumed these respective values: As = 0.25 mg kg−1; Cd = 0.019 mg kg−1; Cr = 0.015 mg kg−1; Hg = 0.0042 mg kg−1; Pb = 0.062 mg kg−1.3. Validation of method and uncertainty estimativeExperimental results for the CRM were concordant with certified values as presented in Table 1.